Export All NSG Rules from All Azure Subscriptions with PowerShell

Updated – 28/04/2021 – If you are using Application Security Groups (ASG), the script was updated to include the source and destination name of the Application Security Group (ASG) used with Network Security Groups (NSG). Please feel free to leave a comment below for additional improvement.

Updated – 12/03/2021 – The script was updated to include the source and destination addresses. Please feel free to leave a comment below for additional improvement.

In this article, we will share with you how to export all Network Security Groups (NSG) rules from all Azure subscriptions with Azure PowerShell.

Introduction

Azure Network Security Group (NSG) can help you limit network traffic to resources in a virtual network, you can think of it as your traditional layer 4 firewall. NSG allows you to create rules (ACLs) at the desired level of granularity: network interfaces, individual VMs, or virtual subnets. You can control access by permitting or denying communication between the workloads within a virtual network, from systems on your network(s) via cross-premises connectivity, or direct Internet communication. Each network interface has zero, or one, associated network security group. Each network interface exists in a virtual network subnet. A subnet can also have zero, or one, associated network security group.

In this article, I will share with you a PowerShell script that will help you to get the list of all Network Security Groups (NSGs) in all Azure subscriptions, and then export it to a comma-separated value (CSV) format. This comes in handy when working with many VMs in Azure, and you want to audit all Network Security Group (NSG) rules that you have.

PowerShell script

Here is the script that will do the job for you:

<#
.Synopsis
A script used to export all NSGs rules in all your Azure Subscriptions

.DESCRIPTION
A script used to get the list of all Network Security Groups (NSGs) in all your Azure Subscriptions.
Finally, it will export the report into a csv file in your Azure Cloud Shell storage.

.Notes
Created   : 04-January-2021
Updated   : 16-September-2021
Version   : 3.1
Author    : Charbel Nemnom
Twitter   : @CharbelNemnom
Blog      : https://charbelnemnom.com
Disclaimer: This script is provided "AS IS" with no warranties.
#>

$azSubs = Get-AzSubscription

foreach ( $azSub in $azSubs ) {
    Set-AzContext -Subscription $azSub | Out-Null
    $azSubName = $azSub.Name

    $azNsgs = Get-AzNetworkSecurityGroup 
    
    foreach ( $azNsg in $azNsgs ) {
        # Export custom rules
        Get-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig -NetworkSecurityGroup $azNsg | `
            Select-Object @{label = 'NSG Name'; expression = { $azNsg.Name } }, `
            @{label = 'NSG Location'; expression = { $azNsg.Location } }, `
            @{label = 'Rule Name'; expression = { $_.Name } }, `
            @{label = 'Source'; expression = { $_.SourceAddressPrefix } }, `
            @{label = 'Source Application Security Group'; expression = { $_.SourceApplicationSecurityGroups.id.Split('/')[-1] } },
            @{label = 'Source Port Range'; expression = { $_.SourcePortRange } }, Access, Priority, Direction, `
            @{label = 'Destination'; expression = { $_.DestinationAddressPrefix } }, `
            @{label = 'Destination Application Security Group'; expression = { $_.DestinationApplicationSecurityGroups.id.Split('/')[-1] } }, `
            @{label = 'Destination Port Range'; expression = { $_.DestinationPortRange } }, `
            @{label = 'Resource Group Name'; expression = { $azNsg.ResourceGroupName } } | `
            Export-Csv -Path "$($home)\clouddrive\$azSubName-nsg-rules.csv" -NoTypeInformation -Append -force
        
        # Export default rules
        Get-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig -NetworkSecurityGroup $azNsg -Defaultrules | `
            Select-Object @{label = 'NSG Name'; expression = { $azNsg.Name } }, `
            @{label = 'NSG Location'; expression = { $azNsg.Location } }, `
            @{label = 'Rule Name'; expression = { $_.Name } }, `
            @{label = 'Source'; expression = { $_.SourceAddressPrefix } }, `
            @{label = 'Source Port Range'; expression = { $_.SourcePortRange } }, Access, Priority, Direction, `
            @{label = 'Destination'; expression = { $_.DestinationAddressPrefix } }, `
            @{label = 'Destination Port Range'; expression = { $_.DestinationPortRange } }, `
            @{label = 'Resource Group Name'; expression = { $azNsg.ResourceGroupName } } | `
            Export-Csv -Path "$($home)\clouddrive\$azSubName-nsg-rules.csv" -NoTypeInformation -Append -force
            # Or you can use the following option to export to a single CSV file and to a local folder on your machine
            # Export-Csv -Path ".\Azure-nsg-rules.csv" -NoTypeInformation -Append -force
      
    }    
}

From the example above, we are exporting the following information:

• Network Security Group (NSG) Name
• Network Security Group (NSG) Location
• For each Network Security Group, I will export the custom rule, as well as the default rule:
  • Rule Name
  • Source address
  • Port Range
  • Access
  • Priority
  • Direction
    • Inbound
    • Outbound
  • Destination address
• Resource Group Name

Run the script

To run the script, you can either install the latest Azure PowerShell version on your machine, or jump over the Cloud Shell (https://shell.azure.com), or use the Azure Cloud Shell Connector in Windows Terminal.

The report will be saved in the clouddrive path following the Azure Subscription name (-nsg-rules.csv).

Switch to the cloud shell storage account and download the CSV files as shown in the figure below.

And here is the final report is shown in CSV format:

Please note that you can accomplish the same thing using Azure CLI, however, I prefer to use Azure PowerShell.

Summary

In this article, I showed you how to export all Network Security Groups (NSG) rules from all your Azure Subscriptions with Azure PowerShell.

Azure Cloud Shell is so powerful, you don’t need to install Azure CLI or PowerShell modules locally on your machine to automate your tasks.

Learn more on how to get the list of Network Security Group with RDP port open.

This is version 1.0 of this tool, do you want additional features? Please feel free to leave a comment below.

Hope this helps!

__
Thank you for reading my blog.

If you have any questions or feedback, please leave a comment.

-Charbel Nemnom-

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